8/13/2023 0 Comments Battle of vienna combatantsThe Swedish King Gustav II Adolf (better known as Gustavus Adolphus) won an overwhelming victory, achieving his first significant Protestant victory in the Thirty Years’ War. Its result proved the superiority of the Swedish army, which at first was underestimated by the imperial forces and not taken seriously. The first Battle of Breitenfeld, one of the greatest military skirmishes of the Thirty Years’ War took place on September 17, 1631. The First Battle of Breitenfeld: The First Great Protestant Victory Portrait of General Tilly, by Anthonis van Dyck, 1620, via omnia.ie By settling his nobility on their estates, Ferdinand secured Habsburg’s rule over the Czech lands for the next three centuries.Ĥ. Although many welcomed the restoration of Catholicism, five-sixths of the Czech Protestant nobility fled the country or were executed. The famous Tilly entered Prague after the battle and crushed the rebellion. The Czechs lost about 4,000 men, while the imperial army lost only 700 soldiers. The imperial army included the most famous future general of the Thirty Years War, Wallenstein, and the French philosopher Rene Descartes. The combined imperial army was composed of imperial mercenaries under General Charles Bonaventure de Longueval and soldiers of the German Catholic League under Count Johann Tilly. There were about 27,000 soldiers belonging to Emperor Ferdinand II in the battle and together they defeated 15,000 Czech mercenaries under the leadership of Christian of Anhalt. That battle marked the end of the Czech phase of the Thirty Years’ War, which lasted from 1618 to 1624. The combined imperial and Catholic forces inflicted a heavy defeat on an army of Czech Protestants and mercenaries. The Battle of White Mountain took place on November 8, 1620, and it represents the first great battle of the Thirty Years War. The Battle of White Mountain: The First Major Battle of the Thirty Years War The Battle of White Mountain in Bohemia, by Pieter Snayers, 17th century, via
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